{"id":20892,"date":"2026-03-31T15:46:58","date_gmt":"2026-03-31T15:46:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drpascalmensah.com\/?p=20892"},"modified":"2026-04-17T09:18:25","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T09:18:25","slug":"maladie-axe-thermodynamique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drpascalmensah.com\/fr\/maladie-axe-thermodynamique\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019axe thermodynamique M1\/M2 : un compromis unique \u00e0 travers les maladies"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"20892\" class=\"elementor elementor-20892 elementor-20890\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f80ba7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3f80ba7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24f5d8e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"24f5d8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le principe biologique fondamental\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf90a46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cf90a46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Chaque macrophage fait un <strong>choix thermodynamique<\/strong>. Il peut fonctionner via la <strong>phosphorylation oxydative (OXPHOS)<\/strong> \u2014 un \u00e9tat m\u00e9tabolique \u00e0 haute efficacit\u00e9 et faible entropie \u2014 ou basculer vers la <strong>glycolyse a\u00e9robie<\/strong> \u2014 un mode rapide, inefficace et \u00e0 haute entropie. Cette seule d\u00e9cision m\u00e9tabolique d\u00e9termine si la cellule immunitaire prot\u00e8ge ou endommage l\u2019organisme.  <\/p><p>Ce compromis bio\u00e9nerg\u00e9tique n\u2019est pas une cons\u00e9quence secondaire de la maladie. <strong>C\u2019est le moteur mol\u00e9culaire de la maladie.<\/strong> La m\u00eame logique s\u2019applique de mani\u00e8re identique \u00e0 trois pathologies cliniquement distinctes : la septic\u00e9mie, la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde et le cancer du poumon.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2d6fba e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e2d6fba\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2835861 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2835861\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comparaison des ph\u00e9notypes bio\u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba8d333 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ba8d333\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1011\" height=\"239\" src=\"https:\/\/drpascalmensah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-04-01-a-103848.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20907\" alt=\"Tableau de l&#039;\u00e9tat m\u00e9tabolique\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drpascalmensah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-04-01-a-103848.png 1011w, https:\/\/drpascalmensah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-04-01-a-103848-300x71.png 300w, https:\/\/drpascalmensah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-04-01-a-103848-768x182.png 768w, https:\/\/drpascalmensah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-04-01-a-103848-600x142.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1011px) 100vw, 1011px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5820262 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5820262\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFaible entropie = ordre = sant\u00e9. Haute entropie = d\u00e9sordre = maladie. Les mitochondries sont le syst\u00e8me de gestion de l\u2019entropie de la cellule.  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f28364 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3f28364\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a63b116 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a63b116\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">1. Septic\u00e9mie \u2014 Quand le moteur surchauffe<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af03cfc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"af03cfc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dans la septic\u00e9mie, les signaux bact\u00e9riens provoquent l\u2019effondrement du potentiel de membrane mitochondriale (\u2206\u03a8m), inondent la cellule d\u2019esp\u00e8ces r\u00e9actives de l\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne (ROS) et forcent un basculement m\u00e9tabolique de l\u2019OXPHOS vers la glycolyse. Il en r\u00e9sulte une hyperpolarisation des macrophages M1 : lib\u00e9ration massive de IL-1\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1 et IL-6 \u2014 la temp\u00eate cytokinique. Ce n\u2019est pas simplement de l\u2019inflammation ; c\u2019est une <strong>d\u00e9faillance thermodynamique<\/strong>. La cellule dissipe l\u2019\u00e9nergie sous forme de chaleur et d\u2019entropie au lieu de produire un travail biologique utile.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22e98f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"22e98f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">M\u00e9canismes mol\u00e9culaires<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5fa856 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c5fa856\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u2022 Explosion de ROS (Complexes I\/III) \u2192 stabilisation de HIF-1\u03b1 \u2192 activation des g\u00e8nes glycolytiques<br>\u2022 Perte du \u2206\u03a8m \u2192 d\u00e9faut de couplage de l\u2019ATP synthase \u2192 fuite de protons sous forme de chaleur<br>\u2022 Lib\u00e9ration de mtDNA \u2192 activation cGAS-STING \u2192 amplification de la r\u00e9ponse inn\u00e9e<br>\u2022 Accumulation de succinate \u2192 stabilisation de HIF-1\u03b1 et IL-1\u03b2<\/p><p><strong><span style=\"color: green;\">\u2713 Traduction clinique<\/span><\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Pr\u00e9curseurs de NAD<sup>+<\/sup> (NMN, NR) <\/strong>: restaurent la disponibilit\u00e9 des cofacteurs du complexe I, r\u00e9tablissent la capacit\u00e9 OXPHOS et r\u00e9duisent la production de cytokines M1 dans les mod\u00e8les pr\u00e9cliniques de septic\u00e9mie.<br>\u2022 <strong>Antioxydants ciblant les mitochondries (MitoQ, SS-31)<\/strong> : \u00e9liminent le superoxyde g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 dans la membrane mitochondriale interne (IMM), pr\u00e9servent le \u2206\u03a8m et att\u00e9nuent les l\u00e9sions organiques dans les mod\u00e8les CLP.<br>\u2022 <strong>Opportunit\u00e9 de biomarqueur<\/strong> : ratio OCR\/ECAR (consommation d\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne vs acidification extracellulaire) comme indice m\u00e9tabolique au lit du patient de l\u2019\u00e9tat inflammatoire des macrophages.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40f3af8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"40f3af8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7563b6a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7563b6a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2. Polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde \u2014 L\u2019entropie comme \u00e9tat chronique<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-666b25c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"666b25c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u2019articulation synoviale dans la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde est un <strong>microenvironnement \u00e0 entropie \u00e9lev\u00e9e <\/strong>permanente : hypoxique, appauvri en glucose, acide et satur\u00e9 de lactate. Les lymphocytes T CD4<sup>+<\/sup>, les macrophages et les synoviocytes de type fibroblastique convergent vers la glycolyse a\u00e9robie pour survivre. Ce basculement m\u00e9tabolique est l\u2019inflammation elle-m\u00eame : il maintient HIF-1\u03b1, alimente NF-\u03baB et active en continu l\u2019inflammasome NLRP3. Pendant ce temps, les cellules T r\u00e9gulatrices (Treg), qui d\u00e9pendent de l\u2019oxydation des acides gras et de l\u2019OXPHOS pour leur fonction suppressive, sont m\u00e9taboliquement priv\u00e9es de substrats dans ce m\u00eame environnement.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c26537 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7c26537\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">M\u00e9canismes mol\u00e9culaires<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00c1879 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"00c1879\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u2022 HIF-1\u03b1 \u2192 augmentation de GLUT1\/LDHA \u2192 augmentation du flux glycolytique \u2192 production de IL-17 et IL-6<br>\u2022 ROS mitochondriaux \u2192 activation de NF-\u03baB et NLRP3 \u2192 boucle cytokinique persistante<br>\u2022 Activation de mTORC1 \u2192 suppression de l\u2019OXPHOS \u2192 orientation des cellules T de Treg vers Th17<br>\u2022 Treg d\u00e9pendantes de l\u2019oxydation des acides gras (FAO) : privation de substrats thermodynamiques (faible disponibilit\u00e9 lipidique en milieu hypoxique) = perte de r\u00e9gulation immunitaire<\/p><p><strong><span style=\"color: green;\">\u2713 Traduction clinique<\/span><\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Metformine<\/strong> : inhibiteur du complexe I \u2192 active AMPK, restaure l\u2019\u00e9quilibre m\u00e9tabolique et r\u00e9duit le flux glycolytique dans les cellules immunitaires de la PR. Effet anti-inflammatoire ind\u00e9pendant de son action hypoglyc\u00e9miante.<br>\u2022 <strong>Inhibiteurs de mTOR (analogues de la rapamycine)<\/strong> : r\u00e9orientent les cellules T de Th17 vers Treg en levant la r\u00e9pression de l\u2019OXPHOS et de la FAO.<br>\u2022 <strong>Opportunit\u00e9 de biomarqueur<\/strong> : ratio P\/O (ATP produit par O\u2082 consomm\u00e9) et ratio NAD<sup>+<\/sup>\/NADH dans les cellules immunitaires synoviales comme indicateurs quantitatifs de l\u2019activit\u00e9 de la maladie. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aec3eb7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"aec3eb7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74eccf3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"74eccf3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">3. Cancer du poumon \u2014 La tumeur comme pi\u00e8ge thermodynamique<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-80e0a61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"80e0a61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les tumeurs pulmonaires <strong>exportent de l\u2019entropie<\/strong> dans leur microenvironnement. Elles consomment le glucose de mani\u00e8re intensive via l\u2019effet Warburg, lib\u00e8rent du lactate qui acidifie le milieu et \u00e9puisent l\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne \u2014 cr\u00e9ant une prison thermodynamique pour les lymphocytes infiltrant la tumeur (TILs). Ces derniers pr\u00e9sentent une diminution de la consommation d\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne, une r\u00e9duction de la masse mitochondriale et un effondrement du \u2206\u03a8m. L\u2019\u00e9puisement des cellules T n\u2019est pas seulement un programme transcriptionnel \u2014 c\u2019est un <strong>effondrement bio\u00e9nerg\u00e9tique<\/strong>. La tumeur ne se contente pas d\u2019\u00e9chapper au syst\u00e8me immunitaire : elle le prive de ressources.     <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70887ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"70887ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">M\u00e9canismes mol\u00e9culaires<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81e05b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"81e05b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u2022 Glycolyse de type Warburg dans les cellules tumorales \u2192 efflux de lactate \u2192 acidification du microenvironnement tumoral (TME) \u2192 inhibition de l\u2019OXPHOS des cellules T<br>\u2022 D\u00e9pl\u00e9tion en glucose\/glutamine dans le TME \u2192 TILs priv\u00e9s de substrats \u2192 perte de \u2206G effectif<br>\u2022 Hypoxie \u2192 activation de HIF-1\u03b1 dans la tumeur \u2192 augmentation de VEGF\/PD-L1 \u2192 exclusion immunitaire et \u00e9puisement des checkpoints<br>\u2022 Ph\u00e9notype TIL CD36 \u00e9lev\u00e9 : exc\u00e8s d\u2019absorption lipidique \u2192 surcharge mitochondriale en lipides \u2192 sensibilit\u00e9 accrue \u00e0 la ferroptose<\/p><p><strong><span style=\"color: green;\">\u2713 Traduction clinique<\/span><\/strong><br>\u2022 <strong>Combinaison m\u00e9tabolique + immunoth\u00e9rapie<\/strong> : les activateurs de l\u2019OXPHOS (urolithine A, NMN) associ\u00e9s aux anti-PD-1 montrent une r\u00e9activation synergique des TILs dans les mod\u00e8les pr\u00e9cliniques de NSCLC.<br>\u2022 <strong>Intervention nutritionnelle<\/strong> : la restriction en m\u00e9thionine r\u00e9duit la suppression des Treg ; la suppl\u00e9mentation en glutamine restaure la capacit\u00e9 respiratoire des TILs.<br>\u2022 <strong>Opportunit\u00e9 de biomarqueur<\/strong> : profilage OCR des TILs (technologie Seahorse) avant traitement ; IRM au pyruvate 13C hyperpolaris\u00e9 pour une cartographie m\u00e9tabolique en temps r\u00e9el du microenvironnement tumoral.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4edd7df e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4edd7df\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c23ba5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5c23ba5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Perspective thermodynamique et quantitative<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb96648 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bb96648\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Chaque maladie repr\u00e9sente une d\u00e9viation mesurable de l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 thermodynamique. Les variables cl\u00e9s ne sont pas uniquement mol\u00e9culaires \u2014 ce sont des <strong>param\u00e8tres bio\u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques quantifiables<\/strong> pouvant \u00eatre suivis en clinique : <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3be5add elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3be5add\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u2022 <strong>\u2206\u03a8m (potentiel de membrane mitochondriale)<\/strong> : indicateur de la force proton-motrice et du couplage de l\u2019OXPHOS. Son effondrement pr\u00e9c\u00e8de la dysfonction immunitaire. <\/p><p>\u2022 <strong>Ratio P\/O (efficacit\u00e9 de phosphorylation)<\/strong> : quantit\u00e9 d\u2019ATP produite par mol\u00e9cule d\u2019O\u2082 consomm\u00e9e. Diminue lors de la reprogrammation inflammatoire. <\/p><p>\u2022 <strong>Ratio OCR\/ECAR<\/strong> : consommation d\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne vs taux d\u2019acidification extracellulaire \u2014 indice en temps r\u00e9el de l\u2019\u00e9quilibre OXPHOS\/glycolyse.<\/p><p>\u2022 <strong>Ratio NAD<sup>+<\/sup>\/NADH<\/strong> : capteur redox central. Un NAD<sup>+<\/sup> faible = OXPHOS alt\u00e9r\u00e9, entropie \u00e9lev\u00e9e, r\u00e9gulation immunitaire d\u00e9pendante des sirtuines compromise. <\/p><p>\u2022 <strong>Nombre de copies de mtDNA \/ mtDNA cytosolique<\/strong> : indicateur de l\u2019accumulation d\u2019entropie mitochondriale et de l\u2019activation inn\u00e9e m\u00e9di\u00e9e par les DAMPs.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19468c2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"19468c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5642a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a5642a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vers un cadre clinique unifi\u00e9<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00cbee0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"00cbee0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"279\" data-src=\"https:\/\/drpascalmensah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-04-01-a-110942.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-20922 lazyload\" alt=\"Tableau maladies\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/drpascalmensah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-04-01-a-110942.png 1024w, https:\/\/drpascalmensah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-04-01-a-110942-300x82.png 300w, https:\/\/drpascalmensah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-04-01-a-110942-768x209.png 768w, https:\/\/drpascalmensah.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Capture-decran-2026-04-01-a-110942-600x163.png 600w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/279;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f1e4ce e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9f1e4ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d993a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2d993a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vers quoi cela \u00e9volue : les biomarqueurs immunitaires de nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2de9b55 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2de9b55\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La prochaine g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de biomarqueurs immunitaires ne se limitera pas aux cytokines. Elle sera m\u00e9tabolique : <\/p><p>\u2022 Ratio OCR\/ECAR dans les cellules immunitaires du sang p\u00e9riph\u00e9rique<br>\u2022 Potentiel de membrane mitochondriale (\u2206\u03a8m) comme indice d\u2019activation immunitaire<br>\u2022 Ratio NAD<sup>+<\/sup>\/NADH comme score syst\u00e9mique de sant\u00e9 bio\u00e9nerg\u00e9tique<br>\u2022 Taux de lib\u00e9ration du mtDNA comme marqueur en temps r\u00e9el de production d\u2019entropie<br>\u2022 Ratio lactate\/pyruvate urinaire comme indicateur non invasif du basculement glycolytique<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4381f16 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4381f16\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les th\u00e9rapies \u00e0 venir ne se contenteront pas de bloquer des r\u00e9cepteurs \u2014 elles <strong>restaureront l\u2019ordre thermodynamique<\/strong> dans les cellules immunitaires qui l\u2019ont perdu. C\u2019est la promesse de l\u2019immunom\u00e9tabolisme : non pas davantage d\u2019immunosuppresseurs, mais des strat\u00e9gies bio\u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques plus intelligentes qui redonnent aux cellules immunitaires ce que la maladie leur a retir\u00e9. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ea5dd9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2ea5dd9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLorsque le syst\u00e8me immunitaire de votre patient \u00e9choue, cherchez-vous \u00e0 comprendre pourquoi il ne peut plus combattre \u2014 ou seulement comment le faire combattre plus fort ?<br>La r\u00e9ponse pourrait se trouver dans les mitochondries. \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0d43e6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e0d43e6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48c85c4 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"48c85c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a63a2c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a63a2c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Base de preuves s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8280eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f8280eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>1. Ji F et al. Crosstalk of mitochondrial dysfunction and macrophage polarization in sepsis. Front Immunol. 2026. <br>2. Xie R et al. Roles of immune cell metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol. 2026.<br>3. Eivazzadeh Y et al. Immunometabolism in lung cancer. iScience. 2026.<br>4. Dwivedi V et al. Mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence in ageing sarcopenia. Mol Biol Rep. 2026. <br>5. Seledtsov V. Mitochondria-targeted therapy in anti-aging medicine. J Biol Methods. 2026.<br>6. Glogowski PA et al. Reprogramming the mitochondrion in atherosclerosis. Antioxidants. 2025.<br>7. Xu Y et al. Nutritional intervention alleviates T cell exhaustion and empowers anti-tumor immunity. Front Immunol. 2026. <br>8. Zhang XY et al. The role of CD36 in immune function. Front Immunol.                      2026.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b80f35 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6b80f35\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f938202 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f938202\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Ce document est une communication scientifique fond\u00e9e sur des donn\u00e9es probantes, destin\u00e9e aux professionnels de sant\u00e9, aux chercheurs et aux \u00e9tudiants avanc\u00e9s. Toutes les affirmations reposent sur la litt\u00e9rature \u00e9valu\u00e9e par les pairs \u00e0 jour au premier trimestre 2026. Il ne constitue pas une recommandation clinique directe.  <\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Et si l\u2019inflammation, la septic\u00e9mie et l\u2019\u00e9chappement immunitaire du cancer partageaient le m\u00eame d\u00e9faut thermodynamique ?<br \/>\nCet article explore comment un unique basculement bio\u00e9nerg\u00e9tique dans les cellules immunitaires \u2014 entre OXPHOS et glycolyse \u2014 est \u00e0 l\u2019origine des maladies dans la septic\u00e9mie, la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde et le cancer du poumon.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20930,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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